History

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Frances Kelsey, scientist - obituary - Telegraph (http://www.telegraph.co.u... )

9 years ago from Bookmarklet - Comment - Hide - - [ 2 ] -

Frances Kelsey, the scientist and doctor, who has died aged 101, became a national heroine for her efforts to keep thalidomide off pharmacy shelves in America; her refusal to approve the morning-sickness drug spared a generation from the catastrophic birth deformities that occurred in other countries around the world. - Halil from Bookmarklet - [ 4 ] -

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Are Rural and Urban always very Different? http://wideurbanworld.blo... http://3.bp.blogspot.com/...

9 years ago - Comment - Hide - - [ 3 ] - [ 1 ]

"...any society which has in it what we commonly call "towns" or "cities" is in all aspects an "urban" society, including its agricultural and extractive domains . . . the terms "urban" and "rural" come to stand to each other not as opposites and equivalents. Rather, the inclusive term describing the whole society is "urban" while the term "rural" refers only to a set of specialties of an urban society characterized by being inherently linked (under any technology known) to specific geographical spaces. (Leeds 1980:6-7)" - maitani - -

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British Museum - Room 2a: Waddesdon Bequest (http://www.britishmuseum.... )

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The Waddesdon Bequest is a superb collection of nearly 300 objects, left to the Museum in 1898 by Baron Ferdinand Rothschild. It consists of exceptionally important and beautiful medieval and Renaissance pieces, as well as a number of 19th-century fakes. Together, they paint a fascinating picture of the development of the art market in the late 19th century. Baron Ferdinand originally displayed the collection in the specially designed New Smoking Room at Waddesdon Manor, his mansion in Buckinghamshire, after which he named the Bequest. - Halil - -

well the family certainly does have lots of dosh and we all know how they made their fortune so make of it what you will... - Halil - -

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PANDEKTIS http://pandektis.ekt.gr/d... http://pandektis.ekt.gr/d...

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"PANDEKTIS welcomes you to the National Hellenic Research Foundation major digital collections of Greek history and civilization. The collections have been developed by the Institute of Neohellenic Research, the Institute of Byzantine Research and the Institute of Greek and Roman Antiquity. The National Documentation Centre supports the collections' digital form." - maitani - -

via ANCIENTWORLDONLINE http://ancientworldonline... - maitani - -

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Re-examining the decision to bomb Hiroshima (http://blog.physicsworld.... )

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Today marks the 70th anniversary of the bombing of Hiroshima – the first time that a nuclear weapon was used in war. Many argue that the bombing of Hiroshima, and three days later Nagasaki, was a necessary evil that saved hundreds of thousands of lives by ending the war and avoiding an allied invasion of Japan. - Halil from Bookmarklet - -

Over on The Nuclear Secrecy Blog, the science historian Alex Wellerstein asks “Were there alternatives to the atomic bombings?”. Wellerstein argues that the choice facing the US in 1945 was not as simple as whether to bomb or to invade. He points out that some physicists working on the Manhattan Project – which built the bombs – argued for a “technical demonstration” of the weapons. In June 1945 the Nobel laureate James Franck and some colleagues wrote a report that argued that the bomb should first be demonstrated to the world by detonating it over a barren island. Wellerstein surmised that “If the Japanese still refused to surrender, then the further use of the weapon, and its further responsibility, could be considered by an informed world community”. Another idea being circulated at the time was a detonation high over Tokyo Bay that would be visible from the Imperial Palace but would result in far fewer casualties than at Hiroshima, where about 140,000 people were killed. On the other hand, Wellerstein points out that Robert Oppenheimer and three Nobel laureates wrote a report that concluded “we can propose no technical demonstration likely to bring an end to the war; we see no acceptable alternative to direct military use”. This report was written for a US government committee, which decided to use the weapon against a “dual target” of military and civilian use. - Halil - -

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Bedesten - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (https://en.wikipedia.org/... ) https://upload.wikimedia.... https://upload.wikimedia.... https://upload.wikimedia.... https://upload.wikimedia....

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A Bedestan (or bezistan or bedesten) is a covered market usually for haberdashery and craftsmanship.[1] Bezistans were built in Ottoman Empire and their design is based on the design of the mosques.[2] A Bedestan, in the most basic definition, is the central building of the commercial part of the town. It has its origins in the Greco-Roman Basilica or Kaiserion, which served a similar purpose[citation needed]. The Bedestan was such an important building that during Ottoman times cities were often classified under two categories, cities with a Bedestan and cities without a Bedestan. [3] - Halil from Bookmarklet - -

The origin of the word is Arab word bez, which means clothes, linen but also indicating embroidery and other precious items, and Persian suffix istan.[4] - Halil - [ 1 ] -

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Indo-Europeans, Red in Tooth & Claw http://www.unz.com/gnxp/i... http://www.unzcloud.com/w...

9 years ago - Comment - Hide - - [ 3 ] -

"The Indo-European Controversy: Facts and Fallacies in Historical Linguistics, by Asya Pereltsvaig and Martin Lewis is a pretty one-sided monograph. The reason, as admitted by the authors, is that they believe a certain sector of academia and the middle-brow reading public are not exhibiting enough skepticism about the application of Bayesian phylogenetics in linguistics. To a great extent The Indo-European Controversy: Facts and Fallacies in Historical Linguistics is a book length rejoinder to a paper published in 2003 to great acclaim, Language-tree divergence times support the Anatolian theory of Indo-European origin. It’s basically a short letter to Nature." - maitani - -

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Upon This Rock: What the stone edicts of Ashoka tell us about India’s great Buddhist ruler http://www.caravanmagazin...

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"Cascading down the rocks is a dramatic waterfall of words. More than a hundred lines in the ancient Brahmi script are imprinted across several of the boulders. Large portions of this scrawl are exceedingly clear, the characters boldly etched across the rock face. Some segments have deteriorated, while a few of the lines have been defaced by modern graffiti. Yet not even the English and Telugu scribbles of contemporary visitors can diminish the overwhelming impression of messages from antiquity created by the profusion of these ancient words. This copious transcription is part of a royal enunciation. The words and phrases that comprise it were composed by and inscribed at the instructions of Ashoka, the sorrowless one, the third emperor of the dynasty of the Mauryas, and ruler of a terrain that stretched, at one point, from Taxila in the north-west to Kalinga in the east." - maitani - -

via 3quarksdaily http://www.3quarksdaily.c... - maitani - -

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Can we decipher the "meaning" of ancient buildings? http://wideurbanworld.blo... http://4.bp.blogspot.com/...

9 years ago - Comment - Hide - - [ 2 ] -

"Many people wonder about the "meaning" of ancient buildings and sites. Why was the Pyramid of the Sun at Teotihuacan built? Was it dedicated to a specific god? What meaning did it have to the people who built it, and those to witnessed ceremonies there for centuries afterword? I am a skeptic about talk of ancient "meanings" of this sort (see a previous post about high-level meanings.) I agree with my colleagues Kent Flannery and Joyce Marcus (1993) that this kind of religious symbolism and meaning cannot usually be deciphered without written texts that explain ancient myths and beliefs. There are no such texts from Teotihuacan, so it is unlikely that we can figure out just what this pyramid meant in ancient times. But we do have some clues. This position is explained in general terms by architectural theoretician Amos Rapoport, one of the top scholars on wide urban topics and one of my heroes." - maitani - -

It's always interesting to look at how various prejudices (about people, places, gender, occupations) can color how people study and look at ancient sites and remains. I wonder how many times the truth of things is obscured by our own inability to correctly interpret how another society saw itself. - Jennifer D. - -

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Greek Myth Comix https://greekmythcomix.wo... https://greekmythcomix.fi...

9 years ago - Comment - Hide - - [ 2 ] -

"The primary artist is LEJ, Classical Civilisation and Literature teacher, writer and, apparently, artist." - maitani - -

Halil to History, Halil's feed
Ida B Wells: 5 reasons the civil rights activist is so important - Americas - World - The Independent (http://www.independent.co... )

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1. Despite leaving school at 16, she kept her family together working as a teacher after her parents died. 2. She refused to get off the bus 71 years before Rosa Parks. - Halil from Bookmarklet - -

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The dispute between Wells and Willard in England intensified the campaign against Wells in the American press. Though the New York Times had reported on Wells' visit to Britain without much commentary, the paper ran an opinion piece in August 1894 insinuating that black men were prone to rape and declaring that Wells was a "slanderous and nasty-minded mulattress" who was looking for more "income" than "outcome."[33] These attacks in the American press swayed many Britons to Wells' cause. "It is idle for men to say that the conditions which Miss Wells describes do not exist," a British editor wrote. "Whites of America may not think so; British Christianity does and all the scurrility of the American press won't alter the facts."[34] Wells' British tour ultimately led to the formation of the British Anti-Lynching Committee, which included the Duke of Argyll, the Archbishop of Canterbury, members of Parliament, and the editors of The Manchester Guardian.[34] https://en.wikipedia.org/... - Halil - -

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Benthos: Digital Atlas of Ancient Waters http://awmc.unc.edu/wordp... http://awmc.unc.edu/wordp...

9 years ago - Comment - Hide - - [ 6 ] -

"Benthos is a new initiative of the Ancient World Mapping Center that aims to catalog and map the waters of the ancient Mediterranean basin, including both physical and cultural geography. The project will provide interactive maps of Mediterranean shipping networks, bathymetric data, and views of ancient coastlines. Currently the project is in a preliminary state, with a functional beta version of the application based off of Antiquity À-la-carte." - maitani - [ 1 ] -

via ancientworldonline http://ancientworldonline... - maitani - [ 1 ] -

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THE LEGACY OF GENGHIS KHAN http://www.delanceyplace.... http://delanceyplace.com/...

9 years ago - Comment - Hide - - [ 7 ] -

"Today's selection -- from Genghis Khan and the Making of the Modern World Jack Weatherford. Whether measured by the total number of people defeated, the sum of the countries annexed, or by the total area occupied, Genghis Khan was the most successful conqueror in world history, and he redrew the boundaries of the world:" - maitani - -

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The Urban Landscapes of Ancient Merv, Turkmenistan http://archaeologydataser... http://archaeologydataser...

9 years ago - Comment - Hide - - [ 10 ] -

"Ancient Merv, in Turkmenistan, is one of the most complex and well-preserved urban centres on the Silk Roads of Central Asia. A succession of major cities at Merv started in the 6th century BC and continued until the Mongol sack of 1221AD, although Mongol occupation, a resurgent Timurid city of the 15th century, and expansion in the 19th century continues the urban sequence. Together the walled urban areas covered more than 1000 ha." - maitani - -

Halil to British and Irish Residents, History, Halil's feed
11th July 1859: The Elizabeth Tower was completed in May? 1858 the following year on 11th July 1859 the second bell Big Ben, since the first was cracked during testing, tolled for the first time! Unfortunately this bell too cracked in September 1859, according to the foundry's manager, George Mears, Denison had used a hammer more than twice the maximum weight specified. Big Ben was out of commission for three years.

9 years ago - Comment - Hide - - [ 1 ] -

To make the repair, a square piece of metal was chipped out from the rim around the crack, and the bell given an eighth of a turn so the new hammer struck in a different place. Big Ben has chimed with a slightly different tone ever since and is still in use today complete with the crack. https://en.wikipedia.org/... http://www.beautifulbrita... - Halil - -

Drop this in your next chat with your friend while drinking a nutella milkshake, alas can't share posts yet https://www.youtube.com/w... via Julian http://frenf.it/earlyadop... - Halil - -

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Digging deeper holes: 20 years as an archaeologist in Cyprus (http://theconversation.co... ) https://62e528761d0685343...

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When the first shovelful of dirt was moved by Australian archaeologists in Paphos, Cyprus in May 1995, few of us thought that we would still be working on the site 20 years later. The nature of archaeological excavation can be slow and painstaking. But even then, long-term projects remain relatively uncommon. So what are the pros and cons of long-term research instead of smaller projects based around grant funding? - Halil from Bookmarklet - -

Halil to British and Irish Residents, History, Halil's feed
30th June 1837: Punishment by pillory was finally abolished in Britain.

9 years ago - Comment - Hide - - [ 2 ] -

Time to bring it back or too harsh? - Halil - -

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I've always felt that "public spectacle" punishments were much more about people taking enjoyment in the suffering of someone they feel has earned it, rather than an actual just punishment for a crime, or an attempt to deter further crimes from being committed. - Jennifer D. - [ 1 ] -

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The 9 Things About America That You Knew Were True -- But Aren't (http://www.businessinside... ) http://static3.businessin...

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American history is rife with half-truths, embellishments, and outright myths. What's worse, many of these myths are taught to us in our earliest years, cementing their place in our minds and textbooks. To combat these long-standing inaccuracies, here's a list of 9 common myths that many people believe to be as American as apple pie. - Halil from Bookmarklet - -

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Here's a myth: That Business Insider is "journalism" or anything but half-right linkbait. - waltcrawford - [ 1 ] -

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Ancient World Image Bank http://isaw.nyu.edu/onlin... https://farm9.staticflick...

9 years ago - Comment - Hide - - [ 4 ] -

"The Ancient World Image Bank is a collaborative effort to distribute and encourage the sharing of free digital imagery for the study of the ancient world. ISAW started AWIB by distributing imagery donated by its faculty, staff, and students via Flickr under a Creative Commons Attribution (cc-by) license. You can view and download those images via the isawnyu flickr account. That means that all you have to do to reuse one of our images is cite it in the manner indicated below." - maitani - -

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via AWOL http://ancientworldonline... - maitani - -

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The Aryan Invasion Was Not Fantasy http://www.unz.com/gnxp/t... http://www.unzcloud.com/w...

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"If there is one Peter Heather book you should read because it is timely, it is Empires and Barbarians: The Fall of Rome and the Birth of Europe. In it Heather makes an apologia for a revisionist view which resurrects some aspects of the old folk migration theories, and understandings of the arrival of barbarians into the collapsing Roman order of the middle of the first millennium. This is in contrast to the conventional view of modern archaeologists and historians which posits that the barbarian invasion was more a change of power to the elites, with the emergence of ethnic identities and coalitions almost in an ad hoc fashion among groups of mercenaries who took control from their paymasters. Heather does not posit total replacement of the indigenous population." - maitani - -

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Into, out of, and across the Eurasian steppe http://dienekes.blogspot.... http://4.bp.blogspot.com/...

9 years ago - Comment - Hide - - [ 5 ] -

"A new paper in Nature adds to the earlier study in the same journal by presenting data from 101 ancient Eurasians. The year is not yet halfway over, but it seems that the ancient DNA field is moving towards a new norm of studying dozens of individuals at a time and comprehensively tackling the "big problems" that have vexed archaeologists, linguists, and historians for decades if not centuries." - maitani - [ 1 ] -

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this study is really interesting for quite a few reasons. Dienekes points out certain consequences for specialistic subjects, but there are also some conclusions that can be perceived by everyone, such as ones concerning the light skin or the lactose intolerance. - Haukr - [ 1 ] -

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The Atlantic Creoles http://www.slate.com/arti... http://www.slate.com/cont...

10 years ago - Comment - Hide - - [ 3 ] -

"America’s first slaves were subjugated as much for their cultural alienation as they were for their race." - maitani - -

"The “Atlantic creoles” traced their beginnings to the historic encounter of Europeans and Africans, emerging around the trading factories or feitorias established along the coast of Africa in the 15th century by European expansionists. Many served as intermediaries in this developing crop of transatlantic trading enclaves, employing their linguistic skills and their familiarity with the Atlantic’s diverse commercial practices, cultural conventions, and diplomatic etiquette to mediate between the African merchants and European sea captains. In so doing, some Atlantic creoles identified with their ancestral homeland (or a portion of it)—be it African or European—and served as its representatives in negotiations. Other Atlantic creoles had been won over by the power and largess of one party or another so that Africans entered the employ of European trading companies, and Europeans traded with African potentates." - maitani - [ 1 ] -

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Archaeology and the Homeric Question, Part 1 http://oralpoetry.blogspo... http://3.bp.blogspot.com/...

10 years ago - Comment - Hide - - [ 6 ] -

"In this post I propose to explore the relationship between the discipline of archaeology and the Homeric Question, taking Orchomenos as a jumping off point. In so doing my aim is not so much to show something new about this relationship or to offer a new interpretation of the verses concerning Orchomenos, but rather to take this opportunity to give an overview of an important topic within the history of Homeric scholarship that has many implications for our understanding of the oral tradition in which the Iliad and Odyssey were composed. This post will focus on the history of the relationship between archaeology and the Homeric Question; future posts will address more theoretical aspects." - maitani - -

Halil to British and Irish Residents, History, Halil's feed
When Charles Stuart was executed didn't parliament and all the new republicans have the right to strip him of all his titles? How was he addressed on the day of his execution? Were they trying to send a message, ie we can and will execute a king if he's guilty of tyranny? Or am I over thinking it all? #ThinkingAloud

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Burial places of British royalty http://en.wikipedia.org/w... - Halil - -

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Uncovered: hidden tunnel where the infamous Judge Jeffreys walked more than 400 years ago http://www.bournemouthech... Not sure if you've already came across this? - Halil - -

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Cities on the bay http://www.the-tls.co.uk/... http://www.the-tls.co.uk/...

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"In the seventh century BC, before there was a new city called Naples, there was an old city on more or less the same site called Parthenope. Both were Greek, both founded by Greeks who were occupying many other coastal parts of southern Italy at the time. Exactly which Greeks and when? That is a question which still exercises scholars, including Lorenzo Miletti at the beginning of this book. Were these occupiers invaders or colonists? As a general rule of historiography Romans “invade” and Greeks “colonize”, but any distinction made by the locals has not survived. The story of one of the Western world’s oldest continuously occupied cities begins with Parthenope." - maitani - -

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